High-entropy nanozyme-driven "Chinese acupuncture" hydrogel microneedles for combined therapy of infected scalds

Bacterial infections, especially those caused by antibiotic-resistant <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (<i>L. monocytogenes</i>), hinder the healing of scalds in food processing environments. This study developed a high-entropy nanozyme (HEzyme) hydrogel system that exhibited efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) and photothermal antibacterial effects. The HEzyme was synthesized using a carbon-oxygen-silicon framework-assisted method, incorporating multiple metal species (CoNiCuZnCe). It demonstrated superior catalytic efficiency, generating hydroxyl radicals (•OH) from hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Exposure to 808 nm irradiation caused a rapid temperature increase, enabling photothermal effect. HEzyme was integrated into a chitosan-based hydrogel microneedle system, which generated ROS and heat when exposed to H₂O₂ and irradiation. The microneedles, designed for transdermal use, enhanced wound healing and minimized inflammation. In vitro and in vivo tests confirmed that the microneedles effectively eradicated <i>L. monocytogenes</i> and accelerated tissue healing. This approach offers a promising solution for treating antibiotic-resistant infections and promoting healing in scald wounds.