Neonatal left ventricular non-compaction: A case with significantly elevated non-compacted to compacted myocardium ratio

Non-compaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM) is a rare heart condition characterized by an abnormal structure of the left ventricle, featuring a thick, trabeculated layer. Often asymptomatic, NCCM can lead to serious complications such as thromboembolic events and sudden cardiac death. This case report details the diagnosis of left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) in a 2-day-old neonate, where a non-compacted to compacted myocardium ratio exceeding 2 was observed. The report highlights the need for increased awareness and early diagnosis of NCCM in neonates. Given the absence of modifying therapies, effective management of symptoms is crucial, especially in cases with reduced left ventricular function. This case emphasizes the importance of ongoing research and clinical vigilance for signs such as unexpected heart failure symptoms or cardiomegaly to improve outcomes for affected patients. • This case highlights the diagnosis of LVNC in a very young neonate (2 days old). • The report showcases a notable case with a non-compacted to compacted myocardium ratio exceeding 2. • It reinforces the necessity for increased awareness and early diagnosis of NCCM in neonates, given the lack of specific treatments.