Samuel Johnson’s Social Criticism in London

Samuel Johnson composed “London” as an imitation of Juvenal’s satires, skillfully adapting the classical form to the British context. Through this framework, he delivers a sharp critique of the political corruption and moral decay of his time. In particular, he vehemently denounces Walpole’s long-entrenched rule and his associates, accusing them of monopolizing key government positions and privileges, thereby deepening political corruption. Beyond politics, Johnson also confronts the widening chasm between the rich and the poor, exposing the suffering of the lower classes. In addition, he voices deep concern over the unchecked influx of foreign cultures, fearing their influence would reshape British thought and behavior, ultimately eroding traditional values. For Johnson, literature was not merely an artistic endeavor but a powerful instrument for exposing social injustice and guiding society toward a just path-a belief that resonates throughout “London.” This conviction, crucial in his time, remains just as relevant today. As a result, “London” endures as a work of lasting significance, reminding modern readers of literature’s profound role in illuminating truth and challenging injustice. (Hannam University)