Comparative Evaluation of Three Different Endodontic File Systems in Terms of Volumetric Filling of Root Canals in Primary Molars Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography–An In Vitro Study

AIM To evaluate efficacy of filing of three different endodontic file systems [K file system, ProTaper hand file system, Protaper rotary file system] in primary molars for volumetric filling. Methodology This study was conducted in Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry and Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology.  18 artificial primary molars with minimum 3 canals was distributed equally in all the three groups. Coronal access was made with round diamond burs. After irrigation of the root canal with normal saline, a 10 K file was introduced to assess canal patency. Saline irrigation done with needle after use of each instrument. Canal was recapitulated after the use of each file.Group A  were manually prepared with 10 K file up to a file size 40 K for P canal and 35 K for MB and DB canal. Group B was instrumented with 10 K file followed by shaping [S1] and [S2] protaper hand file and finishing [F1] protaper hand file. Group C were instrumented with 10 K file followed shaping [S1] and [S2] protaper rotary file and finishing [F1] protaper rotary file. After canal preparation, root canal filling is done with metapex using wet cotton and plugger .The post endodontic investigations was done with CBCT. The volumetric anlaysis, i.e., the percentage of volume of the root canal filling in artificial primary molars was done using CBCT software. The collected data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software version. Results ProTaper rotary file showed highest volumetric filling [P canal-3.93±0.79 cc, MB canal3.13±0.90cc, DB canal-2.77±0.52cc, followed by ProTaper hand system [P canal3.31±0.85cc, MBcanal-2.66±0.68 cc, DB canal-2.31±0.62cc] and least volumetric filling for K hand file system [P canal-2.36±0.72cc, MB canal-1.82±0.32 cc, DB canal -1.68±0.24 cc]. Conclusion: ProTaper rotary system showed highest volumetric filling compared to K hand file system and ProTaper hand system.