ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT AS A FACTOR OF COMFORTABLE LIVING BY THE EXAMPLE OF ASTANA CITY

The presented article discusses the problems of the architectural environment of residential buildings in the city of Astana. Currently, the city of Astana is being intensively built up. The construction is based on preferential mortgage lending programs that stimulate the growth of housing construction throughout the country, including in the northern cities of the country. At the same time, problems arise in optimizing the design and shaping the architectural environment, which entails difficulties in the improvement of the city. The current architectural environment of Astana is focused on serving the population primarily traveling by private vehicle. These factors lead to problems with pedestrian movement within the city. When designing the architectural environment, the climatic conditions of Northern Kazakhstan are not sufficiently taken into account, which leads to problems with the movement of pedestrians. The main emphasis of the organization of the architectural environment is on movement in personal vehicles. A large amount of space in adjacent spaces is allocated to parking spaces. The purpose of the work is to determine the optimal conditions for the formation of the architectural environment of residential formations, in the natural conditions of Northern Kazakhstan, to identify the relationship between climatic conditions and the formation of the architectural environment, as well as to determine the vector of development of architectural formations towards walking and a barrier-free environment. In the process of conducting the research, the following work was carried out: a retrospective analysis of the architectural environment of residential neighborhoods built in the 20th century was carried out, an analysis of the architectural environment of the adjacent spaces of residential complexes built in the 21st century in the city of Astana was carried out. Climatic conditions affecting the architectural environment of residential structures have been identified. Based on an analysis of the architectural environment of the city, recommendations were formulated for the formation of a comfortable architectural environment of residential buildings, taking into account the climatic conditions of Northern Kazakhstan.