LIVING ENVIRONMENTS: FROM XXTH CENTURY THEORY TO XXIST CENTURY PRACTICE

Identifying the main environmental problems and the need to adapt housing to the conditions of the urban lifestyle, is an urgent task for the theorists, architects and urbanists. The desire to combine comfortable spaces for life and the advantages of a large city was reflected in the attempts of researchers of the city dwelling of the twentieth century to «look into the future» and present the world with the most optimal habitat for the life of an urban person. The main aim of this review is to analyse theoretical studies of urban housing and the residential environment of the twentieth century, to identify perspective areas that now, in the 21st century, have become relevant trends in design and have found a practical objectification in the organization of spaces of modern multifunctional residential complexes. Based on the analysis of the study of theoretical works and Internet resources in the form of conference materials, interviews with architects and urbanists on the research topic, problems of the residential environment of cities of the XX-XXI centuries were identified. Special attention was paid to the generalization and synthesis of sources, which is reflected in the identification of the characteristics of the residential architecture of cities in particular, the citizens’ needs, and also in determining modern trends in the organization of a residential environment focused on improving the comfort of living.