Pattern of Organisms and their Sensitivity to Antibiotics in Patients Suffering from Urinary Tract Infections

Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections affecting patients in both community and hospital settings. The rising trend of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens has become a major concern, particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh, where empirical treatment often precedes microbiological confirmation. Objective: To identify the predominant microbial organisms responsible for UTIs and evaluate their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among patients admitted to a tertiary medical college hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2023 to December 2024 at Tertiary Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. A total of 100 urine samples were collected from patients clinically diagnosed with UTI. Standard microbiological techniques were used to isolate and identify organisms. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method in accordance with CLSI guidelines. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: Out of 100 samples, 84 showed significant bacterial growth. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent isolate (62%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (14%), Enterococcus faecalis (9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7%), and Proteus mirabilis (4%). E. coli isolates demonstrated high sensitivity to nitrofurantoin (85%) and fosfomycin (78%) but showed marked resistance to ciprofloxacin (68%) and ampicillin (74%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 41% of isolates. Conclusion: E. coli is still the most common cause of UTIs, but the fact that it is becoming more resistant to antibiotics is worrying. Empirical antibiotic therapy must be guided by local antibiograms to improve treatment outcomes and reduce resistance trends. Continuous surveillance and rational antibiotic use are crucial in managing UTIs effectively in Bangladesh.