PERSONNEL MOTIVATION: HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT, MODERN CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIC APPROACHES

The article offers an in-depth analysis of the theoretical and practical aspects of employee motivation in the context of modern economic and social challenges. Due to the ongoing instability in Ukraine, particularly due to military aggression and its impact on the labor market, enterprises are confronted with new challenges requiring adaptive and effective personnel management strategies. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the historical evolution of motivation concepts, from the classic theories by Frederick Taylor, Elton Mayo, Abraham Maslow, Frederick Herzberg, which have provided the foundation for modern models incorporating psychological, social, and cultural dimensions of motivation. This study underscores the significant influence of socio-economic and political factors on employee motivation and provides an overview of the strategies to assist Ukrainian enterprises in maintaining productivity and employee engagement amidst various challenges. Special attention is given to both financial and non-financial motivational tools, including flexible working hours, remote work options, corporate culture, social responsibility initiatives, and recognition and career development systems. The role of digital technologies and innovations in enhancing employee motivation is examined, as modern technological tools enable not only the optimization of work processes but also the creation of flexible, adaptive working conditions that positively impact employee satisfaction from work and productivity. Additionally, the article highlights the importance of corporate culture and corporate social responsibility as essential factors in fostering a resilient employee motivation and sustaining team stability during times of crisis. The article presents recommendations for implementing motivational policies for the enterprises, taking into account the specific challenges and needs of the labor market in Ukraine. Possible ways of motivating employees with different types of values are systematized, and recommendations are provided for each type of employee.