Ranking académico-científicos: una reflexión en torno a los distintos modelos

This article offers a critical reflection on academic rankings. Accordingly, it describes three academic rankings and three others related to the impact of scientific journals. Through a literature review, it identifies certain gaps in the evaluation systems of universities and scientific journals. It critiques each parameter, source, and evaluation system, as well as the ways in which the appearance of institutions can vary across systems. It should be noted that rankings benefit the institutions and countries that created them while disadvantaging peripheral regions concerning certain criteria that are difficult to achieve.