A placebo-controlled randomized clinical study of Trikatu Churna and lifestyle modification in the management of Sthaulya (Obesity)

Background: Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder resulting from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, leading to excessive fat accumulation and aberrant lipid metabolism. This condition is influenced by genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. Lifestyle modifications tailored for managing Santarpanjanya Vyadhi (over-nourishment disorders) are pivotal for addressing obesity. Trikatu Churna (a combination of Pippali, Maricha, and Shunthi ) improves metabolism through its Deepana (digestive stimulant) and Pachana (digestive catalyst) properties. Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of lifestyle modifications with and without Trikatu Churna in managing Sthaulya (obesity). Materials and Methods: A placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 Grade-1 obese patients aged 20–70 years. Patients were randomly divided into two groups using a computer-generated randomization method. The patients in Group A received Trikatu Churna (500 mg capsules, 3 capsules twice daily before meals with water) in addition to lifestyle modification, while in Group B, patients were advised lifestyle modification alone. The intervention was administered for 8 weeks. The expected outcomes were a reduction in body mass index (BMI) and anthropometric measurements, accompanied by an improvement in the lipid profile. Data were statistically analyzed using paired t -tests for within-group comparisons and unpaired t -tests for between-group comparisons. Results: Among the 50 patients enrolled in the study, 46 participants completed the trial, with 23 in each group. Group A, which received lifestyle modification along with Trikatu Churna, had significant reductions in BMI (2.29%; P < 0.05), abdomen circumference (2.32%; P < 0.05), and hip circumference (4.23%; P < 0.01), total cholesterol (4.48%, P < 0.001) and triglycerides (6.86%, P = 0.020). In Group B, lifestyle modification alone, showed statistically significant reductions in BMI (1.22%; P < 0.05), abdomen circumference (1.40%; P < 0.05), and hip circumference (0.89%; P < 0.05). Intergroup comparisons revealed that Group A had more reduction in hip circumference ( P = 0.04) and BMI ( P = 0.03) compared to Group B. Conclusion: Trikatu Churna , combined with lifestyle modifications, resulted in significantly greater reductions in BMI, hip circumference, and total cholesterol level compared to lifestyle modification alone. Intergroup analysis revealed a statistically significant reduction in BMI ( P = 0.03) and hip circumference ( P = 0.04), suggesting enhanced efficacy of Trikatu Churna combined with lifestyle modification in managing obesity Intergroup analysis confirmed a statistically significant difference in BMI ( P = 0.03) and hip circumference ( P = 0.04), indicating enhanced efficacy and supports effective obesity management by Trikatu Churna adding with lifestyle modification. Further studies with larger samples and extended follow-ups are needed to confirm these findings and investigate mechanisms.