Matthean Posteriority

Abstract In recent years, there has been growing support for the theory of “Matthean Posteriority,” arguing that (some of) the agreements between Matthew and Luke are to be explained by Matthew knowing and using Luke. This article examines some of the arguments from those advocating such a theory. Claims that the theory is “simple” are questioned here. So too Matthew’s omissions from Luke on the hypothesis are discussed. A number of elements of Luke’s gospel, which would have been highly congenial to Matthew, but which do not appear to be used by Matthew, are highlighted here. The non-use by Matthew of significant “Matthew friendly” parts of Luke casts doubt on the hypothesis that Matthew knew and used Luke.