LINGUISTIC MEANS OF REPRODUCING IMPLIED SENSE IN THE TRANSLATION OF R. FROST’S POETRY

This article aims to identify poetic implied sense markers in the original poetry of American poet Rob- ert Frost and means of their reproduction in translation, in particular, translation transformations. Among the methods applied in this study is the newly devised method of poetic work analysis em- ploying its macro-image scheme, which involves comparison of the original and translated texts at the level of autosemantic, synsemantic and subsemantic (implied sense) images and, in particular, original text anal- ysis to identify linguistic implied sense markers for its decoding and reproduction in translation; the psy- cholinguistic method of factor analysis (principal components method) to determine semantics of the orig- inal and translated poetic texts as well as the transformational method (to identify the translation transfor- mations that images and the figurative structure of a poetic work undergo in translation). The article briefly outlines the results of a long-term study of the means of forming and reproducing the implied sense in translation of a poetic work as its important image component. The paper studies lin- guistic means of creating and translating implied sense images that is a constituent of a poem’s macro-im- age structure, in particular, such as distant repetition, symbol, arty landscape, intonation, act of silence, and artistic detail. This work is aimed to improve the pre-translational interpretation of the original poetic work and finding the means of its adequate reproduction in translation. The work pioneers the concepts of conceptual implied sense and local implied sense, which appropri- ately make primary and additional content of a poem and is considered dominant images in poetic translation. Implied sense in a poetic work is revealed through markers that signal it to the recipient and the degree of correspondence between the translated work to the original depends on their quantitative and qualitative reproduction in target language. Poetic implied sense is qualified as having an image nature and functions, it is decoded and reproduced within the macro-image structure of the poem. Reliable decoding and adequate translation of the implied sense image require the study reproduction of the system of intratextual and extra- textual contextual relations and, as well as the linguistic aspects of poetic discourse. It has been revealed that among the markers of the poetic implied sense are dispersed distant repetition, poetical landscape, commonly accepted and author-specific symbolism, poem title, name, artistic detail, poem intonation, an act of silence, verbal expression of non-verbal means, contrast and others. To ensure translation adequacy, these markers must be reproduced by means of direct equivalents or various transformations at phonetic, morphological, syntactic, and lexical language levels as well as formal-content transformations involving a pragmatic component.