Clinical and statistical analysis of emergency surgeries in the Republic of Tatarstan

Abstracts. Introduction. An objective analysis of the dynamics of key statistical indicators of the surgical service in an economically developed region of the Russian Federation serves as a tool for improving emergency surgery results and reducing adverse outcomes in emergency surgery. The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of statistical indicators characterizing the provision of emergency surgical care in the Republic of Tatarstan in comparison with the entire Russian Federation and with the Volga Federal District in 2018-2022. Materials and Methods. The study analyzed data from the official and operational medical statistics of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan for the period of 2018-2022. Information was used that was taken from annual official reports on the activities of the surgical service of the Chief Surgeon of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan. Results and Discussion. In the Republic of Tatarstan, surgical care, including emergency care, is provided according to a three-level organizational system. Between 2018 and 2022, the number of surgeons in the Republic of Tatarstan decreased by 26 (6.1%), from 428 to 402. Analysis of the long-term dynamics of the proportion of surgical patients hospitalized later than 24 hours after the disease onset indicates a consistently high level of late hospitalizations of surgical patients. Most qualitative and quantitative indicators characterizing surgical care declined over the two years of the pandemic. At the same time, the Republic of Tatarstan managed to stabilize the number of deaths in general surgical beds, the number of operated patients with acute abdominal conditions, the number of deaths after surgeries, and the number of outpatient visits to surgeons. The reduction in hospital mortality caused by emergency abdominal pathology contributed to the decrease in overall mortality and mortality caused by digestive diseases in 2022. Conclusions. The most significant challenges the surgical service faces in the Republic of Tatarstan are the shortage of personnel and late presentation of patients with emergency surgical conditions, both of which reduce the quality of emergency surgeries. In the economically developed region of the Russian Federation, from 2018 to 2022, despite higher rates of COVID-19 morbidity in 2021, hospital mortality decreased in five out of seven emergency surgical conditions of “acute abdomen,” key qualitative and quantitative indicators were stabilized, and the availability of emergency surgical care was ensured.