Intra Orbital Cavernous Hemangioma: A Case Report and Review of the Litterature

Cavernous hemangioma is the most frequent benign primary vascular tumor of the adult orbit. It typically presents around the age of 42 and shows a clear female predominance. This slow-growing tumor does not regress spontaneously and most often arises within the intraconal space in a retrobulbar location, although extension into the extraconal compartment is possible. Clinically, the tumor manifests as a gradually progressive, non-reducible, non-pulsatile exophthalmos that is usually painless unless complications arise. A decrease in visual acuity is observed in approximately two-thirds of cases. Diagnosis is easily confirmed by imaging—particularly MRI—which allows precise localization of the lesion in relation to the optic nerve and extraocular muscles. Imaging findings are crucial for planning the optimal surgical approach. Surgical excision is typically performed en bloc and is often straightforward due to the well-defined, encapsulated nature of the tumor. The choice of surgical route depends primarily on the size and especially the location of the lesion. The functional prognosis is favorable, and recurrence is rare. We report a case of orbital cavernous hemangioma revealed by progressive exophthalmos and diplopia in a 42-year-old patient.