Diversidad y estructura genética del <i>Macrobrachium americanum</i> (Bate, 1868) en dos regiones geográficas en México

Objetive. Analyze the population genetic with mitochondrial molecular markers (16S mtDNA and COI mtDNA) on the river prawn Macrobrachium americanum, in two different geographic areas of Mexico: Baja California Sur (San Pedro de la Presa and Guamuchil basins) and Guerrero (Aguas Blancas River). Materials and Methods. We calculated the number of haplotypes (H), haplotype diversity (Hd), nucleotide diversity (π), and the number of nucleotide differences (k) for each sampling site using the program Dnasp. To calculate the two phylogenetic networks (COI and 16s rDNA), we used the median-joining implemented in PopArt 1.7. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and pairwise FST statistics between pairs of sampled sites were estimated using ARLEQUIN 3.5. Statistical significance was tested with 10,000 permutations in both analyzes. Results. The number of Haplotypes (h), Haplotypic diversity (Hd), and nucleotid diversity (π) indicated similar genetic diversity observed for other Decapoda and other Macrobrachium prawns, registering high values (Hd = 0.98; π = 0.019). Haplotype networks, and molecular variance analysis did not show patterns of genetic structure among the populations of M. americanum from the geographic areas nor within the studied basins, but results suggest a recent population expansion in Guamuchil and Aguas Blancas. Conclusions. The findings of this study represent a reference point for further research in diversity and genetic structure for this species and provide relevant information for aquaculture farming, genetic improvement programs, and repopulation programs.