Metrological evaluation of two methods for determining the indicators of physical fitness of wrestlers

Relevance. In the process of testing wrestlers using motional tasks of a specific nature, the results can be evaluated based on the use of two methods: impulsemetry (registration of the number of repetitions of a test task for a certain period of time) and intervalometry - registration of the duration of not only a certain number of repetitions test task (full throw cycles), and a separate throw cycle When offering intervalometry during testing, especially with the use of loads of a specific nature, it is recommended to record test results not only by the number of full throw cycles, but also by their duration (Karpman V.L. et al., 1984, Manolachi V.V., Mruț I., Manolachi V.G., Postolachi A., 2021, 2022) with subsequent recalculation for the number of repetitions in 15, 30 or 60 seconds. Purpose of the study. All of the above indicates the need to give a metrological assessment of the two methods and to substantiate the advantages and disadvantages of pulsemetry and intervalometry when recording test results. Research methods. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing. questioning, mathematical and statistical data processing Research results. A questionnaire survey of the coaching and teaching staff showed that more often until now, the results of testing were carried out with the use of impulsemetry, and in terms of simplicity and convenience of practical application, intervalometry is inferior to impulsemetry. On the other hand, intervalometry does not require visual control of the stopwatch hand or the chronometer display dial, but requires the mandatory use of two chronometers, if, in addition to the duration of testing - the total number of repetitions of full throwing cycles, other indicators are simultaneously recorded (for example, the duration of each individual throwing cycle at permanent chronometer). In addition, the presence of an auxiliary table, which presents pre-calculated data on the recalculation of intervals for the number of throwing cycles per minute with an accuracy of 0.01 cycles per minute according to the formula given above, which greatly facilitates the work of the researcher. Being simpler and, most importantly, familiar in practice, the method of impulsemetry still remains the main one. Its lower accuracy, which was mentioned above, satisfies some researchers (especially if the calculation is carried out over a series of consecutive 30 or 60 second segments), while others are simply overlooked. Selective single counts, for example, when conducting a test with natural physical activity of a specific nature, the expediency of switching from impulsemetry to intervalometry is completely obvious. The higher accuracy of intervalometry is determined by both objective (from the point of view of the principle of measurement) and subjective (from the point of view of the researcher's error) factors. As a result of our research, it was determined that the number of discrete values of the recorded results in the range from 4 to 23 throws, depending on the weight category, (in the range from 46 to 83 kg) using the usual method of determining test results, the indicator has 8 discrete values. This does not take into account the fact that almost always coaches and researchers take into account not only fully completed throwing cycles, but also incomplete ones. In this case, even a completely incomplete cycle was recorded as completed, which significantly distorted the final result. . And as a result, depending on the technique of performing throws, weight category, sports qualification, as well as the level of physical and functional fitness of an athlete, the speed of performing throw cycles by the final part of testing decreases from 5-7 to 25-28%. Moreover, the spread of indicators can cover the range from 8-10 to 15-17%. And, if we take into account the physical work performed (or not performed) by the athlete during one throwing cycle, the difference is only 0.1 throwing cycle, depending on the style of wrestling and the technique of throwing, it can be from 14.5 to 22, 5 kg/min. At the same time, the use of intervalometry makes it possible to take into account only fully completed throwing cycles, even if they took a little more than 15, 30 or 60 seconds (but not more than the time spent on the fastest throwing cycle). Conclusions. The objective advantages of using intervalometry are related to two points: 1. This measurement method has a higher resolution. The scale contains a larger number of discrete values, covering indicators in the range from 6 to 7 throwing cycles, when the total duration of one throwing cycle can be from 2.5 to 4.5 seconds, which, with a chronometer "step" of 0.1 seconds, in the named range, makes it possible to determine 96 discrete values; 2. With an increase in its current values, the accuracy of the results obtained by the two compared methods changes in opposite directions when using intervalometry, with its constant limit for the entire scale of time measurement accuracy (0.1 sec. or 0.05 sec. - when using an electronic chronometer), the relative accuracy is 0.67 of the throw cycle, respectively - i.e. 1.4% of the measured value. During testing with a duration of 60 seconds, the scale has 28 discrete values, and with intervalometry for the same 30 seconds - 152 discrete values. At the same time, it is important to take into account the fact that in the latter case, full throwing cycles are counted, each of which is performed in a very short period of time - from 2.5 to 3 seconds. If we measure here the total time of 20 cycles, i.e. take a comparable measurement time (the duration of one cycle is from 2.5 to 4.5 seconds), then the resolution of intervalometry increases significantly. 3. Intervalometry, by its very principle, gives a smaller error in measurements. It allows you to take into account a certain number of full throw cycles, while with impulsemetry, the measurement period (for 30 or 60 seconds) includes "unfulfilled" parts of the last of the registered throw cycles, i.e. the final result is overestimated. Summarizing all the above, we can conclude that intervalometry is more than an order of magnitude superior to impulsemetry in accuracy, and can become the main way to quickly evaluate test results.