Systematic Review on Toothbrushing and Cervical Abrasion: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Evidence

Aim: This systematic review aims to evaluate the relationship between tooth brushing practices and cervical abrasion in adult population. The review explores the influence of different brushing techniques, toothbrush types, frequency and brushing force on the prevalence and severity of cervical abrasion. Background: Cervical abrasion (CA), a form of non-carious cervical lesion, has been increasingly associated with tooth brushing habits, raising concerns about the role of mechanical and chemical factors in the etiology of this condition. A comprehensive search was conducted across major scientific databases to identify studies published in the last two decades that investigate the impact of tooth brushing parameters on cervical abrasion. The review includes both observational and experimental studies that explore the role of manual versus electric toothbrushes, bristle hardness and toothpaste ablativity. Results: Our review selected 25 studies from an initial 120 titles. We found significant differences in prevalence of CA in relation to toothbrushing frequency, brush type and brushing technique. There were definite conclusion regarding type of teeth affected and appropriate management to enhance quality of life of the patients. Findings indicate that improper brushing techniques, excessive brushing frequency and the use of hard-bristled toothbrushes are significantly correlated with increased cervical abrasion. Conclusion: Cervical abrasion varies in prevalence across countries. However, it exhibits definite improper technique related increase. There is no gender predilection. The frequency of toothbrushing, type of brush, brushing technique, influences the prevalence. Certain teeth are more susceptible to abrasion than others. Resin-modified glass ionomers were reported to be better for treating this condition. However, evidence regarding electric toothbrushes remains inconclusive. Clinical Significance: The review highlights the need for standardized methodologies in future research to better understand the multifactorial nature of cervical abrasion and provide evidence-based recommendations for oral hygiene practices. This affects data on prevalence, habits and management.