Analysis of opportunities for reducing CO2 emissions in blast furnace production

Global warming poses challenges for humanity to reduce the impact of anthropogenic factors on the environment. Therefore, one of the urgent tasks is the decarbonization of industrial production in general and the metallurgical industry in particular, which accounts for 6–8% of CO2 emissions. Since blast furnace production will remain the dominant link in steel production, as it is the most economically advantageous with a thermal efficiency of up to 90% at least by 2050, reducing CO2 emissions from the blast furnace is an urgent task. The limiting values of the efficiency of using technologies for blowing PCI, hydrogen and hydrogen-containing additives, the effect of their heating, the use of metal additives, as well as changes in the technical and technological parameters of blast furnace smelting (blow temperature, change in the FeO content in the charge, heat losses, degree of use of CO and H2) on CO2 emissions and technical and economic indicators have been established.