Full-thickness macular hole closure types and postoperative visual function prognosis

Relevance Through-through macular hole (UFH) is a pathology of the vitreomacular interface, the development of which is caused by the development of anterior-posterior traction by the vitreous body in the area of ​​the central retinal fovea [1, 2]. Surgical treatment of UFH allows achieving its anatomical closure in the vast majority of cases [3]. The structural state of the fovea after UFH closure is an important factor in the anatomical and functional prognosis [4, 5]. Objective To assess the presence and nature of the influence of the anatomical variant of UFH closure on postoperative visual functions. Material and methods As part of the study, comparable groups were formed, the difference was in the technique of UFH closure. In both groups, autologous conditioned plasma was used, but in group 1 UFH closure was performed in a perfluoroorganic fluid medium and using intraoperative tomographic control; in group 2, closure was performed in a BSS medium [6]. The type of closure and visual functions were assessed 1 and 3 months after surgery. Results The intragroup frequencies of the types of closure of the SMR are presented in Table 1. According to the results of the data analysis, it was found that the type of closure of the hole is not a significant factor affecting visual functions at the specified observation periods (p = 0.276 for a period of 1 month after vitrectomy; p = 0.309 for a period of 3 months after vitrectomy). Conclusion The obtained results indicate the absence of a significant dependence of patients' visual functions on the type of SMR closure in the early postoperative period. A study with a longer observation period is required to assess long-term effects. Keywords: vitreoretinal surgery; through-and-through macular hole; optical coherence tomography; postoperative foveal structure