A multi-objective framework for enhancing distribution grid resilience: Integrating mobile battery energy storage systems and microgrid formation

The increasing frequency of high-impact, low-probability (HILP) events, such as natural disasters and cyberattacks, poses significant risks to the energy sector, highlighting the urgent need for resilient distribution grids. This paper proposes a novel framework to enhance power grid resilience following HILP events by strategically deploying mobile battery energy storage systems (MBESSs) and dynamically forming microgrids. This approach addresses the shortcomings of strategies that often focus on individual resilience aspects. The framework leverages both pre-event optimization and post-event dynamic resource allocation to achieve robust and efficient grid recovery. A novel quantitative metric is developed to evaluate grid resilience, enabling informed decision-making for MBESS deployment and scheduling. Before HILP events occur, the framework optimizes MBESS charge/discharge schedules to improve operational performance and enhance grid resilience. Following an event, the framework rapidly forms microgrids and dynamically relocates MBESSs to prioritize the restoration of loads, accelerating recovery efforts. By combining MBESS capabilities with microgrid formation and optimized resource allocation, this work provides a comprehensive and adaptable framework for bolstering grid resilience in the face of unforeseen disruptions, ultimately contributing to a more resilient and reliable power grid.