MANAGEMENT IN MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES: CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL REGULATION AND SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS

This paper explores a comparative analysis of the operations of multinational and domestic companies within the context of regulatory challenges, managerial practices, and the integration of ESG criteria. The research applied a qualitative methodology based on secondary sources and theoretical foundations rooted in contemporary models of transnational management and sustainable finance. Special attention was given to regulatory fragmentation, diverse strategies for managing complexity, and institutional capacities for ESG compliance. Findings indicate that multinational corporations, despite facing higher levels of regulatory complexity, possess more advanced institutional resources and mechanisms for embedding sustainability into strategic decision-making. In contrast, domestic companies, although less burdened by regulatory diversity, often lack access to sustainable finance and well- developed ESG reporting systems. Multinational enterprises have been identified as key drivers of sustainability standardization and dissemination across local markets. It is concluded that the ability to adapt to global regulatory and sustainability requirements constitutes a vital dimension of competitive advantage for multinational companies. The study contributes to a deeper theoretical understanding of managerial challenges in a globalized economy and offers practical value to policymakers and executives seeking to enhance institutional resilience and sustainability performance.