Mitigation of the impact of IP networks on phase synchronization

This paper presents a study about the impact of IP networks on phase synchronism, due to the variations produced by the convergence of network and congestion. Specifically, we analyze strategies to mitigate these effects in the network end, where 4G LTE – AD (Long Term Evolution – Advanced) or 5G services (fifth generation of wireless technology for mobile devices) require extremely precise time margins to synchronize base stations. Using the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) and its variants, the relative synchronization times are smaller than the ones obtained using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). The importance of this paper lies in verifying the different scenarios and determining which ones are best suited for the protocol to be functional in a real network.