Optimal Cluster Head Selection Algorithm Based on LEACH in WSN

In wireless sensor networks, to ensure efficient data collection and transmission, cluster head nodes must adequately cover all sensor nodes. However, the uneven distribution of cluster head nodes will significantly increase the energy consumption of network transmission, thus shortening the overall lifetime of the network. To address this problem, this paper proposes an optimal cluster head selection algorithm based on LEACH cluster routing protocol, OCHSA (Optimal Cluster Head Selection Algorithm based on LEACH in WSN), which aims to optimize the cluster head selection strategy to improve the energy efficiency of the network. selection strategy to improve the energy efficiency of the network and extend the lifetime of the system. In this paper, three key factors, namely coverage, distribution uniformity and residual energy of cluster head nodes, are comprehensively considered in the cluster head selection process to construct a cluster head performance evaluation function, which is used to measure the adaptability of each node as a cluster head. Then, the optimal cluster head set is solved by combining convex optimization to achieve the optimal allocation of cluster heads, reduce the energy consumption of data transmission, and prolong the life cycle of wireless sensor networks. Simulation experimental results show that compared with the traditional methods, this algorithm can effectively improve the network energy efficiency, optimize the rationality of cluster head selection, and has better stability and adaptability.