Effects of Transcranial Focused Magnetoacoustic Electrical Stimulation on the EEG Signal of Alzheimer's Disease Rats

Transcranial focused magnetoacoustic electrical stimulation (TFMAES) is an emerging composite neurostimulation technique, which can achieve precise electrical modulation of brain neural tissues with the help of low-intensity focused ultrasound. The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of TFMAES on Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms. Through finite element simulation calculations, we determined the parameters of the TFMAES experiment. And 6 transgenic AD rats were used to perform continuous TFMAES experiments for 7 days at 2 different symptom stages in the progression of AD symptoms to observe the changes of electroencephalography (EEG) signals before and after the stimulation. The results showed that in the first stage, the amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition period, TFMAES led to a decrease in the delta-band energy percentage and an increase in the gamma-band energy percentage of EEG in AD rats. In the second stage, the onset of dementia symptoms, the effect of TFMAES on the delta-band power percentage of AD was significant compared to the gamma-band power percentage, but the effect on the overall EEG activity remained significant. These preliminary results suggest that TFMAES has a significant effect on the delta-band of EEG in AD rats, which may improve the activity of the cerebral cortex and thus improve AD symptoms. Moreover, this ameliorative effect is more significant in the early AD stage, which provides a basis for subsequent research on the mechanism of TFMAES quantitative parameters in AD improvement.