Dynamics and adaptation of translation in excursion activities: cultural gaps, localization and intercultural communication

The article is devoted to the study of the dynamics and adaptation of oral translation in excursion activities, taking into account the localization of cultural realities, the elimination of information gaps and ensuring effective intercultural communication. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of various types of excursions (historical, ethnographic, gastronomic, industrial) and the specifics of translation associated with each of them. The purpose of the study is to identify key strategies for the adaptation of oral translation that improve the quality of excursion services for foreign tourists, especially in the context of excursions in the North-East of Russia. The methodological basis of the study includes a comparative analytical method, a discourse analysis method. As empirical material, excursion texts related to the natural features of the region, the traditional way of life of the Evens, Koryaks, Itelmens, the history of the development of Kolyma are considered. The influence of translation on the perception of information by tourists is analyzed and typical errors leading to communication failures are identified. The results of the study show that successful translation of excursion material requires the use of various adaptive strategies depending on the topic of the excursion. For ethnographic excursions, explanatory translation and cultural interpretation play a key role, for historical excursions – an accurate transfer of realities taking into account the differences in historical experience, for nature routes – the use of analogies and adaptation of terminology. A conclusion is made about the need for a flexible approach to excursion translation and the integration of adaptive strategies to improve the quality of intercultural communication.