Post-COVID-19 health in children: from understanding pathogenesis to effective rehabilitation

COVID-19 is a significant challenge for pediatrics, as it negatively affects the health of children, causing the development of post-COVID-19 syndrome. It is important not only to eliminate acute symptoms, but also to develop long-term rehabilitation programs that take into account all aspects of the physical and psycho-emotional recovery of patients. Aim - to summarize and analyze modern scientific data presented in publications in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science databases, as well as in international and domestic clinical guidelines and guidelines over the past 5 years, regarding the pathogenesis of post-COVID-19 syndrome in children and to substantiate effective approaches to rehabilitation aimed at restoring respiratory system functions and improving the overall functional status of pediatric patients. Analysis of scientific sources and clinical guidelines over recent years allows us to identify key aspects of the pathogenesis of post-COVID-19 syndrome in children. To date, a number of mechanisms have been studied that underlie prolonged symptoms in children after COVID-19. Immune disorders that occur after an infection can contribute to the development of chronic inflammatory processes that cause prolonged symptoms. Given these factors, the development of post-COVID-19 syndrome in children necessitates a comprehensive approach to diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. In particular, an important component is physical therapy, which includes exercises to improve respiratory function, restore endurance and strengthen muscles. In addition, psycho-emotional support is important to overcome anxiety and stress that may arise as a result of the disease and prolonged recovery. Conclusions. Rehabilitation after COVID-19 is an important stage of recovery for patients with impaired lung function, aimed at improving respiratory function and the patient's overall condition. A multidisciplinary approach and individualization of treatment are key to achieving successful results in restoring body functions. Further research in this area will help improve rehabilitation methods and develop optimal strategies for patients with post-COVID-19 disorders. The authors declare no conflict of interest.