Genetic Algorithm-Based Beam Widening for Transmitting Multi-Feed RIS-Assisted Systems

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a promising technology for improving the performance of wireless communication systems.Although single-feed RIS has shown great potential in coverage extension, its beamforming capability is often limited.In this paper, we investigate the potential of quad-feed transmitting RIS (T-RIS) to enhance beam widening in wireless communication systems using genetic algorithms.Using multiple feed points, the proposed 4-feed T-RIS architecture significantly enhances the beamwidth and coverage.Simulation results show that the 4-feed T-RIS significantly improves half-power beamwidth while maintaining a low sidelobe level.The proposed method presents a promising solution for improving wireless coverage in challenging environments.