Modified Turian-Yuan Model: Simulation of Heterogeneous Resistance in Municipal Sludge-Transportation Pipeline

The aim of this study was to analyze the simulation effect of heterogeneous resistance in the municipal sludge-transportation pipeline using the modified Turian-Yuan model. The simulation results of the modified Turian-Yuan model were investigated using five samples of sludge with different volumetric concentrations (0.92%, 1.76%, 2.12%, 2.45%, and 2.98%, respectively); these were compared with those of the Hazen-Williams model and the Darcy-Weisbach model. The results showed that the simulation accuracy of the modified Turian-Yuan model was higher than the results of the others under different volumetric sludge concentrations. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the modified Turian-Yuan model was less affected by the sludge concentration, indicating that the stability of this model was high. In addition, the simulation results of the modified Turian-Yuan model are all better than the level of measured values; this means that the model is relatively safe but may lead to an increase in capital and operational costs. The possible reason for this phenomenon may be the reduction in sludge particle sizes due to shear frictions and the tendency of sludge particles to be spherical in shape.