Antibacterial Activity of Clove Flower (Eugenia aromatica) Extract Against Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates

Infectious diseases remain a major global health concern, including in Indonesia, with Escherichia coli being one of the most common bacterial pathogens responsible for various infections. The overuse and prolonged application of antibiotics have contributed to bacterial resistance, creating a need for alternative treatments based on natural antibacterial agents. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of clove flowers (Eugenia aromatica) against E. coli isolated from clinical samples. Using the well diffusion method, extract concentrations of 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% were tested, with amoxicillin as a positive control and sterile water (aqua pro injection) as a negative control. The results showed that all extract concentrations exhibited antibacterial activity, with the highest inhibition zone observed at 80% concentration (18.63 mm), classified as a strong antibacterial effect. These findings indicate that clove flower extract has the potential to be developed as a natural antibacterial agent to support efforts in combating bacterial infections and reducing reliance on synthetic antibiotics.