Bacteriological Profile of UTI and their Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Pediatric Age group patients at RMCH

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common pediatric infections and contribute to high morbidity.Gram negative bacilli predominating the infections.At present, the antimicrobial resistance has quadrupled worldwide and poses a serious threat to the treatment of patients.Objectives: The present study was designed to find out the bacteriological profile of urinary tract infection and their antibiotic resistance pattern in children.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the department of Microbiology, Rajshahi Medical College from July to December 2024.Midstream urine samples were collected from clinically suspected cases of UTI in the age group of 0 to 18 years from various indoor and outdoor patients attending at Rajshahi Medical College hospital.Results: Out of 984 cases, 195 (19.8%) were culture positives, where females were 110(56.4%)and male were 85(43.6%).Most common isolate identified was Escherichia coli 113(57.9%),followed by Klebsiella spp.31(15.9%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa 18(9.2%) and Enterococci spp.19(9.8%).Gram negative organisms show highest resistance to cefixime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, azithromycin, amoxiclav and ciprofloxacin and highest sensitivity to Colistin, nitrofurantoin and imipenem.Gram positive bacteria were highly resistant against cefixime, Cotrimoxazole, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, azithromycin, amoxiclav and ciprofloxacin.Conclusion: This study indicates that gram-negative bacteria, particularly E. coli are the commonest isolated organism, and all isolates show resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents.Urinary tract infections as well as the significant growth and spread of resistant bacterial pathogens in children should be monitored regularly.