Recognizing Patterns of CSOM in Children at Sargodha: Insights for Primary Care Provider

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is considered one of the most common pediatric infections in underdeveloped countries. World Health Organization considers it a public health problem, particularly owing to its propensity as a significant risk factor for pediatric hearing loss. Objective: This study aimed to assess the pattern of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) with its dynamic clinical features among children in Sargodha. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Niazi Welfare Foundation Teaching Hospital, Sargodha, from 1st October 2023 to 30th September 2024. The sample size (381) was calculated using an online calculator, keeping the national data of the pediatric population in view. The children, aged 6 months to 18 years, who presented with a history of chronically discharging ear, were enrolled for the study. For all the cases, a detailed history was followed by a comprehensive ENT examination. The descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23. Results: Out of 381 patients, 57.74% were male, with a mean age of 6.56±4.77 years. The study found a high prevalence of mucosal CSOM 79.26%, rural residency (41.99%), bottle feeding (66.40%), passive smoking exposure (79%), recurrent adenotonsillitis (38.32%), poor literacy, and a history of discharging ear in parents. Conclusion: By recognizing the basic clinical features of CSOM, this study helps primary care providers play a pivotal role in identifying these features, facilitating timely referrals to specialized care, and ultimately reducing complications while improving outcomes for affected children.