Lipid Metabolism Features in Young Smokers

TThis study aimed to identify lipid metabolism features in young smokers, specifically in students from the West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University. A comprehensive clinical and instrumental examination of 154 male students was conducted. Depending on the smoking status, the subjects were divided into two groups (group one – non-smokers, n=95, group two – smokers, n=59). Lipid profile was studied and atherogenicity coefficient was calculated to assess the state of vascular endothelium. Blood pressure above reference values was recorded in 1.1% of subjects in the first group and 3.4% in the second group. Obesity was found in 10.5% of students in group one and 11.9% in group two. The level of total cholesterol in group one was increased to 3.2% and 1.7% in group two. Increased level of triglycerides was detected in both groups at 9.5% and 6.8%, respectively. It was found that lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) levels were higher than normal in group one, and high-density lipoprotein levels were lower in both groups. The atherogenic coefficient increased by 11.6% in the first group and 13.6% in the second. The study results indicate the presence of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular pathology in students, particularly through alterations in lipid balance.