More than two decades since Abuja declaration: A way forward for ending AIDS as a public health threat by 2030

The Abuja Declaration, which was endorsed in 2001, was a hallmark of African leadership's decision to prevent and control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Africa. Since this declaration, there have been several achievements recorded in the fight against HIV and AIDS. This includes increased domestic and international financing, ground-breaking innovations and discoveries for effective screening, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV and AIDS, targeted interventions to address mother-to-child transmission, and tailored and innovative approaches to prevent new HIV infections, particularly among the key and vulnerable populations. However, unaddressed challenges still require urgent and accelerated interventions to attain and sustain the set 95-95-95 Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) target. As we are near the 2030 landmark, revitalisation of the commitments made in the Abuja Declaration is essential. African countries must increase their domestic resources to address the inequities and improve access to essential HIV and AIDS prevention and response interventions, particularly for adolescent girls and young women, children, and vulnerable populations. Revitalisation of sex education, social protection, and revisiting in-country laws that negatively impact the HIV prevention and response efforts are more essential than ever before. There is a clear need for rededication of political and leadership will and commitment as we envision epidemic control of HIV and AIDS by 2030. Countries need to develop an action-oriented, targeted, and all-inclusive roadmap for HIV and AIDS epidemic control by 2030.