Anti-Synthetase Syndrome (PL-7 Positive) Presenting with Necrotizing Inflammatory Myositis and Right-Sided Pneumonia: A Diagnostic Challenge

Anti-Synthetase Syndrome (ASS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibodies against aminoacyl- tRNA synthetases, including the rarer anti-PL-7 antibody. This variant is often associated with severe multi-system involvement, including necrotizing myopathy, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and non-erosive arthritis. The clinical manifestations can overlap with other systemic conditions, posing challenges in diagnosis and management. The case report describes about a 57-year-old woman with diabetes, hypertension, and morbid obesity was bedridden due to growing limb weakening and edema for a month. Her diagnosis included necrotizing inflammatory myositis, pneumonia, quadriparesis, hypokalemia, and anemia, along with Anti-Synthetase Syndrome (PL-7 positive). Imaging showed thoracic compressive myelopathy and myositis. Clinical improvement was achieved by the use of IVIG, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and supportive care.