Application-driven approach for the development of a chitosan-TiO2-silver nanocomposite coating for indoor air ventilation systems

The importance of indoor air quality in the post-COVID era necessitates effective ventilation systems. Current measures, while helpful, often fall short in fully eradicating airborne pathogens, underscoring the need for advanced engineering solutions. Gaps in research persist regarding the real-world application of novel coating materials in ventilation systems, particularly in the absence of light. This study aims to bridge the knowledge gap by introducing and assessing the feasibility of a nanohybrid material composed of chitosan, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), and silver nanoparticles for potential coating in air ventilation systems. The study involved synthesizing and thoroughly characterizing the nanohybrid material and developing a prototype air system with coated pipes. Bacterial transport and growth were assessed under both light and dark conditions to evaluate the material’s performance in preventing the transmission of airborne pathogens ( S. aureus ). The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the nanohybrid material in reducing microbial contamination under various lighting conditions ranging from 83% to 91%, highlighting its potential for enhancing indoor air systems. The study shows an important simulation of real-life applications of coating materials through a prototype air chamber environment with a high potential integration in various key buildings such as offices and hospitals. • A novel chitosan-TiO 2 -Ag coating prevents microbial contamination in air vents. • The coating achieved up to 91% bacterial reduction under white light conditions. • The coating was tested over small-scale simulated ventilation system. • The performance was checked under varied light and temperature conditions. • This antimicrobial coating gives real-world potential for air quality improvement.