Upper Atmospheric Vortices Following Strong Geomagnetic Storms

Abstract This paper presents observations of upper atmospheric vortices following two geomagnetic storms: a Kp 9− storm on 10 October 2024 and a Kp 8+ storm occurring in April of 2023. These observations, using neutral composition and effective neutral temperatures from the NASA GOLD mission, reveal vortices similar to those initially reported by Evans, Correira, et al. (2024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110506 ) for the historic geomagnetic storm of May 2024. Development of vortices following more typical geomagnetic storms demonstrate that such vortices are not as rare as was originally speculated. For all three storms, vortices appeared in GOLD data following similar elapsed times after storm onset and developed in the Southern Hemisphere at similar locations. The size of the vortices varied for the three storms, as did whether or not a vortex appeared in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Publication Details

Journal
Geophysical Research Letters
Published
2025-06-02
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1029/2024gl113726
Citations
2
Primary Topic
Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
2.31

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article

Upper Atmospheric Vortices Following Strong Geomagnetic Storms

W. E. McClintock, R. Eastes, Andrey Krywonos, J. Correira et al.
2 citations
Geophysical Research Letters
Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
2.31
article

Upper Atmospheric Vortices Following Strong Geomagnetic Storms

W. E. McClintock, R. Eastes, Andrey Krywonos, J. Correira, J. S. Evans, Saurav Aryal, J. D. Lumpe, Wenbin Wang
article en
2 citations

Abstract

Abstract This paper presents observations of upper atmospheric vortices following two geomagnetic storms: a Kp 9− storm on 10 October 2024 and a Kp 8+ storm occurring in April of 2023. These observations, using neutral composition and effective neutral temperatures from the NASA GOLD mission, reveal vortices similar to those initially reported by Evans, Correira, et al. (2024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110506 ) for the historic geomagnetic storm of May 2024. Development of vortices following more typical geomagnetic storms demonstrate that such vortices are not as rare as was originally speculated. For all three storms, vortices appeared in GOLD data following similar elapsed times after storm onset and developed in the Southern Hemisphere at similar locations. The size of the vortices varied for the three storms, as did whether or not a vortex appeared in the Northern Hemisphere.

Geophysical Research LettersVol. 52(11)
University of Central Florida (US), NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research (US), University of Colorado Boulder (US), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (US), Computational Physics (United States) (US)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, University of Central Florida, Goddard Space Flight Center
Life below water
Openalex Percentile: Top 12%
Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
2.31
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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Upper Atmospheric Vortices Following Strong Geomagnetic Storms — W. E. McClintock, R. Eastes, et al. · Geophysical Research Letters (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS