COVID-19 vaccination atlas using an integrative systems vaccinology approach
The COVID-19 vaccinations have played a significant role in controlling the pandemic. To elucidate their impact on the immune system, a COVID-19 vaccination atlas was developed using an integrative systems vaccinology approach. The atlas includes 562 samples from 245 participants, including both healthy individuals and those infected with or without prior vaccination, and covers the administration of five vaccines in different regimens. Key findings include the identification of distinct immune markers that differentiate between vaccine types and infection statuses. We observed that mRNA vaccines induced transient but strong immune responses after booster doses, whereas viral vector vaccines showed sustained immune activation with infection, partially resembling the immune profile exhibited during infection. Heterologous vaccination regimens demonstrated enhanced immune diversification compared to homologous regimens. Finally, we described the immunological landscape of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccines against other pathogens, at the gene-level and in cell population dynamics.
Authors
- Aline Lira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9405-4955)
- Otávio Cabral-Marques (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3183-6236)
- Helder I. Nakaya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-9108)
- Evelyn Carvalho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-0129)
- Ricardo Durães‐Carvalho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5734-7601)
- Igor Salerno Filgueiras (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3493-4464)
- Dennyson Leandro M. Fonseca (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-5808)
- Lorena C. S. Chaves (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7515-0781)
- Gerhard Wunderlich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1724-0337)
- Wasim Aluísio Prates-Syed (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2032-3902)
- Hans D. Ochs (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7726-3218)
- Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-1248)
- Nelson Côrtes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6829-9075)
- Gustavo Cabral‐Miranda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-4880)
- Shahab Zaki Pour (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7708-1406)
- José Eduardo Krieger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5464-1792)
- Lena F. Schimke (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5616-3410)
- Tania Geraldine Churascari Vinces (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9852-5416)
- Haroldo Dutra Dias
- Jaqueline Dinis Queiroz Silva
Institutions
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR)
- Seattle Children's Hospital (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- University of Washington (US)
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (BR)
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical (PY)
- Dow Chemical (Brasil) (BR)
- Institute of Biomedical Science (GB)
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (BR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- npj Vaccines
- Published
- 2025-06-02
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-025-01148-3
- Primary Topic
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico