10 (12A) How does ball carrier evasion and tackler head position influence HIA risk in the national rugby league?
Purpose National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) artistic sports, including gymnastics and diving, require inversion, somersaulting, and rotational movements where concussions account for 8.4% and 10.38% of injuries, respectively.This study describes the epidemiology and common characteristics of sport-related concussion (SRC) in men's and women's collegiate gymnastics and diving from 2013/14 to 2023/24.Methods Clinical SRC incidence (concussions/100-athletes, 95% confidence intervals [95%CI] by sport and ratios (CIR; 95%CI) were calculated based on Ivy League-Big Ten Epidemiology of Concussion Study surveillance.Mechanisms of injury (MOI) patterns were classified via proportions: activity at time of injury, head impact object (e.g., apparatus, water), and descriptive narratives.Results Of 183 total SRC, clinical incidence was higher in women's gymnastics (CIR: 2.91 [95%CI: 1.37-7.40];women: 8.98/100-athletes [95%CI: 7.52-10.6];men: 3.08/100-athletes [95%CI: 1.25-6.25]).There was no significant difference in diving clinical incidence (CIR: 1.41 [95%CI 0.76-2.77];women: 6.12/100-athletes [95%CI: 4.34-8.33];men: 4.34/ 100-athletes [95%CI: 2.45-7.05]).80.8% (n=105/130) gymnastics SRC and 81.1% (n=43/53) diving SRC occurred during practice activities.In gymnastics floor contact was the most common MOI (n=78/130, 60.0%).Similarly, water impact was the most common diving MOI (n=43/53, 81.1%).Approximately 67.7% of gymnastics SRC (n=88/130) and 52.8% of diving SRC (n=28/53) had symptom resolution within two weeks.Conclusion Clinical incidence of SRC was comparable to football (approximately 7.60/100-athletes [95%CI: 7.17-8.04]),yet artistic sports are underrepresented in the research.Clinical incidence was higher in women than men in gymnastics.Most SRC occurred due to contact with the floor or water during practice activities motivating targeted prevention interventions.
Authors
- Ross Tucker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4294-4822)
- Gordon Fuller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-3500)
- Grant L. Iverson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-9570)
- Andrew John Gardner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-5586)
- Suzi Edwards (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5790-0232)
- Ben Jones
Institutions
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Cape Town (ZA)
- The Football Association (GB)
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Sports Concussion Institute (US)
- World Rugby (IE)
- Spaulding Hospital (US)
- Leeds Beckett University (GB)
- University of Sheffield (GB)
Publication Details
- Published
- 2025-05-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-concussion.10
- Primary Topic
- Sports injuries and prevention
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00