Features and Behavioral Modeling of Ultrawideband Signals Nonlinear Scattering by Small-Sized Electronic Devices

It is shown that for a typical electronic gadget at test voltage pulses with a duration of ~1 ns and electric field strength of up to ~200 V/m, the waveform of the nonlinear response from this object can be found from the test pulse by using an impulse response function, the shape of which is almost independent of the amplitude and waveform of the test pulse. The amplitude of the nonlinear object’s response is determined by both the spectral consistency between the test signal and the “test signal to nonlinear response” transfer function (signals with a higher level of high frequencies have an advantage) and by the effect of the test signal on the manifestation of the nonlinear properties of object internal circuits (signals with a higher level of low frequencies have an advantage). It has been demonstrated that the functional characterizing the influence of the test signal on the manifestation of nonlinear object’s properties is described by a quadratic dependence in the amplitude sense, and is approximated by a low-pass filter in the frequency sense. By estimating the frequency properties of this filter, a measurement-based estimate of the time constant of objects under test (about 1 ns) was obtained. On the basis of the above observations the behavioral models of the testing objects have been synthesized. For ultra-wideband pulse signals of various waveforms and amplitudes, these models give an error of no more than 17%.