Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy and Hypothermia Treatment

( Obstet Gynecol . 2024;143(1):67–81. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000005392) Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe neurological condition resulting from insufficient oxygen and blood supply to the brain at birth. HIE is often linked to the following peripartum complications: placental insufficiency, umbilical cord accidents, or uterine rupture, and it can occur in any setting. Diagnosis and treatment initiation must be prompt, as the effects of HIE progress over time. HIE can lead to significant mortality and long-term disabilities, including cognitive impairment, cerebral palsy, and seizures.