Dynamic evaluation of multislice computed tomography findings in the treatment of maxilla osteomyelitis in post-COVID-19 patients

Abstract. Introduction. Upper jaw osteomyelitis is a serious condition requiring a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment. It can develop as a result of infectious diseases, trauma, and in the context of diseases that weaken the immune system. Recently, special attention has been paid to patients who have had COVID-19, as the virus can contribute to the development of complications in the maxillofacial region, including osteomyelitis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of osteomyelitis of the upper jaw in post-COVID-19 patients, using multislice computed tomography, and to investigate the effectiveness of different treatment methods based on the findings of dynamic multislice computed tomography studies. Materials and Methods. The study included 6 post-COVID-19 patients diagnosed with upper jaw osteomyelitis. All patients were treated in a hospital and dynamically monitored using multislice computed tomography. Initial examination was performed 3-5 days after the beginning of treatment, and subsequent examinations were performed after 14 and 30 days. Disease dynamics was assessed based on changes in inflammatory volume, bone structure, and surrounding tissues, and on response to therapy. Results and Discussion. At the time of the first multislice computed tomography examination, all patients showed characteristic signs of upper jaw osteomyelitis: Osteoporosis, necrosis foci, thickening of soft tissues, and oedema. After 7 days of treatment in 4 cases, there was a decrease in the size of the inflammatory focus, improvement of bone tissue condition, and partial restoration of bone structure. In two cases, deterioration was observed, with an increase in the inflammation area and development of complications, which required treatment approach corrections. After 14 days of treatment, 5 patients continued to improve, and one patient had a stabilized state without deterioration. Conclusions. Dynamic evaluation of multislice computed tomography findings allows the effective monitoring of the maxilla osteomyelitis treatment process in post-COVID-19 patients. Multislice computed tomography is an important technique for detecting changes in the bone and soft tissue structure, as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment approaches. Multislice computed tomography performed over time helps timely correct treatment and avoid complications.