Use of Clean Energy with Photovoltaic Panels and Biodigester in a Nopal Tortillería

Objective: This study aims to propose clean energy alternatives for a nopal-based tortilla production facility in Michoacán, Mexico, to reduce energy costs and promote sustainability through the implementation of photovoltaic (PV) panels and a biogas biodigester. Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in global and national energy transition policies, including Mexico’s Energy Transition Law (2015), and builds on prior studies on energy efficiency and biofuels. Key concepts include the role of biogas as a fossil fuel substitute and the socio-economic benefits of renewable energy adoption in small-scale industries. Methodology: Fieldwork was conducted to collect energy consumption data and equipment specifications. Three proposals were evaluated: 1) a PV system (1,820 W), 2) electricity generation using biogas via a generator (2,000 W), and 3) replacement of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) with biogas (1,694 kg/month). Technical and economic analyses, including return on investment (ROI) calculations, were performed. Results and Discussion: The PV system could meet nearly all electrical demand, with an ROI of 10.3 years. The biogas generator had an ROI of 5.9 years, while LPG substitution showed the most favorable ROI (0.62 years). An integrated approach combining these solutions was identified as optimal for cost reduction and sustainability. Research Implications: The study demonstrates that small enterprises can adopt renewable energy to lower operational costs and enhance competitiveness. It also highlights the environmental benefits of reducing fossil fuel dependence in agro-industrial processes. Originality/Value: This work provides a practical, techno-economic framework for implementing renewable energy in rural settings. Its findings offer a replicable model for similar industries, bridging technological innovation with sustainable development goals.