Enhanced blood glucose detection using SPR-based biosensor with CdS/Ag/CdS/BP nanomaterials

Abstract This study presents an innovative biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance, featuring a unique hybrid multilayer arrangement of CdS/Ag/CdS/BP nanomaterials for superior blood glucose detection. The design takes advantage of the synergistic optical and plasmonic characteristics of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) and Black Phosphorus (BP) to enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of detection. A platform utilizing a BaF 2 prism, optimized with a 50 nm Silver layer surrounded by two 5 nm CdS layers and a 0.53 nm BP layer, allows for precise refractive index (RI) measurements. The results show impressive metrics, including a sensitivity of 277.58 deg/RIU, a quality factor of 102.23, and a detection accuracy of 0.37. Simulations conducted using MATLAB and COMSOL Multiphysics confirm the effectiveness of the design, demonstrating its capability to detect glucose levels with minimal error and excellent reproducibility. This advancement offers significant promise for non-invasive glucose monitoring, addressing essential demands in diabetes management and aligning with the goals of sustainable healthcare.