Hybrid Hospital-at-Home Program in Singapore: Ethnographic Study

This study underscores the multifaceted nature of delivering acute care at home through hybrid HaH models that integrate both remote and in-person visits. Physician home visits are crucial for enhancing patient and caregiver experiences, supporting remote care. Certain patient groups with limited caregiver support, dual caregiving roles, lower digital literacy, or concerns about the feasibility of home care may require more frequent in-person visits. Public education is essential to dispel misconceptions about home-based care and align societal norms around recovery at home. Financing models should also account for hidden costs to promote equitable access. Policy makers and clinicians should consider both operational needs, such as flexible coordination and digital integration, and societal factors such as varying levels of digital literacy and strong family caregiving norms when designing hybrid HaH programs, particularly in culturally diverse settings like Singapore.