The Role of Cytoplasmic Vacuolization in Cell Death and Survival

已有广泛的研究报道，多种化学物质、生物活性分子以及病原体侵袭都会引起细胞质空泡化现象。空泡化通常伴随细胞死亡，但其在细胞死亡过程中的具体作用尚不明确。这主要是因为长期以来对空泡化的研究多集中于形态学层面。然而，近年来关于空泡形成及其结构的分子机制的新数据不断涌现。因此，本综述旨在总结细胞空泡化的起源、机制及其潜在后果，深入探讨细胞质空泡化在细胞死亡和存活中的作用。Extensive research has reported that various chemical substances, bioactive molecules, and pathogen invasions can all cause cytoplasmic vacuolization. Vacuolization is often associated with cell death, but its specific role in the cell death process remains unclear. This is mainly due to the fact that studies on vacuolization have long been concentrated on the morphological level. However, in recent years, new data on the molecular mechanisms of vacuole formation and structure have been continuously emerging. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the origin, mechanism, and potential consequences of cellular vacuolization, and to deeply explore the role of cytoplasmic vacuolization in cell death and survival.