Predicting the Gamma-Ray Impact on Earth from Potential Supernovae of Betelgeuse, Sirius, and Proxima Centauri

The study predicts that Betelgeuse, Sirius, and Proxima Centauri supernovae may emit gamma rays on Earth. GRBs affect Earth's ecology and life, prompting this investigation. GRBs are normally associated with distant cosmic events. However, nearby supernovae demand closer research due to their proximity and potential Earth implications. Pink supergiant Betelgeuse 642.5 light-years away in Orion may supernova. Earth's brightest star is Sirius, 8.6 light-years away. Sirius B may supernova, but A is doubtful. The sun's closest star is 4.24-light-year pink dwarf Proxima Centauri. Although its supernova potential is limited, its surroundings are worth watching. Modern stellar data, astrophysical models, and theories predicted supernova-prone stars' gamma-ray emissions. Key mechanisms include Bremsstrahlung, inverse Compton scattering, and hadronic interactions. Earth-bound gamma-ray luminosities and fluxes were derived from distance, interstellar medium absorption, and emission angular distribution. We regarded Betelgeuse as the most dangerous due to its size and proximity. Betelgeuse supernovas may destroy the ozone layer and increase floor radiation with gamma rays. Sirius' buddy superstar decreases gamma-ray flux despite proximity. Proxima Centauri, the closest megastar, is unlikely to trigger a supernova or gamma-ray emissions that endanger Earth. Understanding supernova signals from stars like Betelgeuse is vital. We use the possible gamma-ray effect to forecast and decrease adjacent star explosions. This study's accurate predictions and simulations help us understand star evolution and planetary systems.