Effects of a Magnetic Field on the Nucleation and Growth of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared via Chemical Reduction

This study investigates the effects of external magnetic fields on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and the modulation of their properties. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized via liquid‐phase chemical reduction. Their composition, micromorphology, and surface properties were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that external magnetic fields significantly influence the morphology, size, distribution, and optical and electrical properties of the silver nanoparticles. Specifically, applying a magnetic field during the reduction of silver ions to monomeric silver using formaldehyde as the reducing agent promotes anisotropic growth. This research proposes a novel magnetic field–assisted method to control silver nanoparticle synthesis. In addition, it establishes a theoretical and experimental basis for their applications, particularly in sensors, catalysts, and electronic devices. For example, in sensor applications, the ability to precisely control the properties of silver nanoparticles using magnetic fields can enhance both sensitivity and selectivity, enabling more accurate detection of target substances. Theoretically, this work deepens the understanding of magnetic field effects on nanoparticle growth dynamics. These insights can help optimize nanoparticle properties for advanced applications, such as electronic packaging and energy storage devices.