Power optimization modelling as a computational tool for power take off design in wave energy converters

• Electric generator modularity allows its adaptation to different WECs and wave characteristics. • Linear generator is sized using a methodology based on optimization algorithms. • A generator loss model allows for a control strategy that maximizes electric energy. • Results obtained from applying the methodology comprise 8 scenarios: 4 distinct technologies and 2 sea locations. • Parametric analysis shows that the number of PTO modules to comply force requirements is not much affected by PTO efficiency. This study presents a computational tool called Power Take-Off Optimisation Modelling (POM), a methodology for optimizing the design parameters of the Power Take-Off (PTO) in wave energy converters (WECs). POM uses a control optimization algorithm based on a differential evolution multi-objective approach to maximize the electrical power extracted by WECs while minimizing design costs. The methodology integrates a wave-to-wire (W2W) model in the time domain, including a PTO loss model. It also considers the sea states where WECs operate, and constraints related to the PTO rated force. These features allow a comprehensive evaluation of the electrical energy generated and the optimization of PTO design parameters. POM has been applied to a real case study involving a linear generator-based PTO operating under different sea states. The analysis includes four WEC technologies and two sea states to assess the tool’s effectiveness. Results show that PTO length influences not only CAPEX minimization but also optimal modular system design. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis indicates that the number of modules required to meet force requirements is not significantly affected by PTO efficiency. In conclusion, POM is a versatile support tool for technology developers and researchers, helping optimize PTO design to balance WEC manufacturing costs and generated power.