INVESTIGATIONS ON CYTOTOXICITY OF <i>IN-SITU</i> SILVER–GOLD BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES

This study focuses on developing an energy-efficient microelectro discharge machining (Micro-EDM) method to synthesize in situ-formed silver–gold (Ag–Au) bimetallic nanoparticles. Parametric investigations examined the effects of dielectric fluid temperature, voltage, current, pulse-on time, and multitool arrangements on particle morphology, concentration, stability, and distribution. Results showed that nanoparticles formed at 0 ∘ C were larger (18.20–28.68[Formula: see text]nm), while smaller sizes were achieved at 25 ∘ C (4.44–7.84[Formula: see text]nm) and 50 ∘ C (5.72–6.35[Formula: see text]nm). The work also includes the study of cytotoxicity using the MTT assay method against the A549 cancer cell line. The Ag–Au nanofluids exhibited anticancer activity, inhibiting cancer cells with an IC50 of [Formula: see text]g/mL, achieving cell inhibition between 65% and 75% at varying silver concentrations.