The role of foreign debt in Iraq's crises and ways to address them

The foreign debt file is one of the most prominent challenges facing the Iraqi economy in recent decades, as it has directly contributed to complicating the financial and economic crises that the country is going through. Unstable fiscal policies, excessive dependence on oil revenues and mismanagement of resources have exacerbated external indebtedness, negatively affecting economic development and financial stability.This research seeks to analyze the role of foreign debt in the emergence of economic crises in Iraq, by studying the reasons for their expansion, and their effects on macroeconomic indicators, with a focus on the relevant political and institutional aspects. The research also deals with the most important possible ways to address the debt crisis, through a set of alternative financial and economic policies, most notably diversifying the economy, improving financial management, and negotiating debt restructuring on fairer terms.